Associate Professor John T Mugambwa teaches law at Murdoch University and is a former senior lecturer and Head of Department in the Faculty of Law at the University of Papua New Guinea. Associate Professor Harrison A Amankwah has taught law in several law schools in Africa, United States and recently retired from James Cook University. He is also a former senior lecturer and Dean of Law at the University of Papua New Guinea. Late Dr CEP Val Haynes taught law in Africa and the University of Tasmania. He was also senior lecturer and former Dean of Law at the University of Papua New Guinea. All three authors have extensive publications on various aspects of Papua New Guinean law.